A large set of traits (90) was evaluated in a wide target population of environments (4 sites x 125 years), management practices (3 sowing dates x 2 N fertilization) and $CO_2$ (2 levels). The study focused on wheat in Australia, with an emphasis on adaptation to low rainfall conditions. A sensitivity analysis was used to assess the simulated impact on yield of a suite of traits involved in major processes of crop growth and development, and to evaluate how the simulated value of such traits varies across environments and in relation to other traits (which can be interpreted as a virtual change in genetic background). Application of numerical methods for model exploration assist in evaluating the major most influential inputs, providing the simulation model is a credible description of the biological system. yield) that are affected by inputs of genetic, physiology, pedo-climatic and management information. A crop can be viewed as a complex system with outputs (e.g.
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